| 摘要: |
| 目的 了解上海化妆品出口企业对欧盟化妆品法规实验动物禁令相关技术性贸易措施的认知水平情况,为化妆品行业提供相关技术贸易措施知识培训与政策宣贯, 应对技术贸易措施的影响,促进化妆品国家贸易提供科学依据。方法 采用整群分层随机抽样方法通过问卷调查方式对上海市42家从事化妆品生产加工和流通贸易的企业对体外替代测试技术的认知水平调查,涵盖国有企业、民营企业以及外资企业。结果 欧盟是我国主要出口目标国家,受访化妆品企业研发部门规模相对较小,54%的企业研发与质量控制部门规模在20人以下,而毒理学或生物类专业人才缺乏的企业比例达到59.52%。受访企业对产品的毒理学检测的关注度相对理化、微生物指标低,所占比例为52.38%。受访企业熟悉体外替代测试相关知识的比例为21.43%。59.52%的受访企业认为欧盟化妆品实验动物禁令对行业产生明显影响,主要表现在产品研发费用增加,产品研发与上市周期延长,其中检测机构少,检测费用高是体外替代测试方法难以推广的主要原因。多数受访企业希望得到体外替代测试相关的技术贸易措施信息以及体外替代测试技术相关的培训。 结论 上海市化妆品及原料出口企业普遍受到欧盟化妆品实验动物禁令的影响,企业受到专业知识缺乏、信息渠道有限、检测机构数量少以及检测费用高是主要因素。应加强对相关出口企业体外替代测试技术贸易措施知识的宣贯与培训,加强检测研究机构与企业间体外替代测试技术的培训与合作,促进我国化妆品国际贸易发展。 |
| 关键词: 化妆品 体外 实验动物 动物福利 替代 技术贸易措施 毒理 认知 调查 |
| DOI： |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:上海市技术性贸易措施应对专项14TBT001 |
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| A survey on cognition and Demand of Technical Trade Measures on In Vitro Alternative toxicological testing in Shanghai Cosmetics Export Enterprises |
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Li Xiaolin, Wangwei, xijie, shen ruili, zhongyan, Yeli, Liuting, sun jiewen, Huliang, Zhenghao, Qiulu
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Shanghai Entry-Exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau
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| Abstract: |
| A survey on cognition and Demand of Technical Trade Measures on In Vitro Alternative toxicological testing in Shanghai Cosmetics Export Enterprises
Xiaolin Li, Wang Wei, Xi Jie, Shen Ruili, Zhong Yan, Ye Li, Liu Ting, Sun Jiawen, Zheng Hao, Qiu Lu
(Shanghai Entry-Exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau, Shanghai, 200135)
Abstract Objective: The cognition and demand of Shanghai cosmetics export enterprises of technical trade measures on in vitro alternative toxicological testing were surveyed in order to provide scientific supports for training and regulations popularization of related technical trade measures to deal with related technical trade measures and promote international trade of cosmetics. Methods: A questionaire survey of cognition and demand of technical trade measures on in vitro alternative toxicological testing was conducted in 42 Shanghai export cosmetics enterprises engaged in trade of cosmetics production, processing and circulation using a stratified random cluster sampling, stated-owned enterprises, private enterprises and foreign-funded enterprises were included. Results: The results showed that EU is the mainly cosmetics exporting market. The research departments of enterprises surveyed were relatively small in scale, the proportion of enterprises that R&D personel more than 20 was 54%, while 59.52% of enterprises lack of professionals on toxicology or biology. The proportion of safety index on toxicology that enterprises concerned was 52.38%, which was lower than that of physicochemical and microbiology. Only 21.43% of enterprises were familiar with in vitro alternative toxicology. 59.52% of the enterprises surveyed were affected by EU cosmetics animal testing ban, mainly showed on aspects of the increased research fee and prolonged development periods for products. The main causes for difficulties on popularization of in vitro alternative methods were short of testing institutions and also high cost of testing. The majority of enterprises want to seek help to obtain information and technical trainings of in vitro alternative methods. Conclusion: Shanghai export cosmetics enterprises were affected by the impact of technical trade measures on EU animal testing ban. Lack of professional knowledge, short of information sources, short number of testing institutions and high cost of testing were major limiting factors. The popularization of EU cosmetics animal testing ban and the training and cooperation of in vitro alternative methods should be strengthened in testing institutions and cosmetics enterprises for promoting international trade of cosmetics.
Key words: Cosmetics; In vitro; Experimental animal; Animal welfare; Alternative; Technological Trade Measure; Toxicity; Cognition; Survey |
| Key words: Cosmetics In vitro Experimental animal Animal welfare Alternative Technological Trade Measure Toxicity Cognition Survey |
